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October 23, 2026 ai_technology research

Probing and Steering for Safety-Relevant Behaviours in Large Language Models

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arXiv:2610.30363v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Activation probes are computed directions in a language model's residual stream, used both to detect safety-relevant behaviours and, by adding their direction back into the stream, to steer them. We explore how the main design choices behind such probes interact, within one pipeline, on one model (Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct), and across three behaviours: deception, high-stakes awareness and sycophancy. The pipeline crosses two estimators (difference-of-

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